Prevalence and predisposing factors of smartphone addiction,sleep quality and daytime sleepiness of nursing students: A cross-sectional design

AimThe current study aimed to determine the prevalence of smartphone addiction, sleep quality and daytime sleepiness of nursing students and to identify the predisposing factors of these parameters.BackgroundThe use of smartphones, which has become an indispensable part of daily life, has various effects on addictive behavior and sleep.DesignThe present study was performed with a cross-sectional design.MethodsThe population of the study comprised of nursing students attending all grades at two universities (N = 940). A total of 771 students were included in the study. Data were collected through a personal information form, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale and the Smartphone Addiction Scale. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the data.ResultsThe prevalence of smartphone addiction was 42.4%. Of the students, 57.3% had poor sleep quality and 82.5% had normal daytime sleepiness. Daily smartphone use duration, owning of a smartphone duration, daytime sleepiness and academic success were significant influencing factors for smartphone addiction (p < 0.05). Daily sleep duration, daytime sleepiness and school region were found significant risk factors for sleep quality (p < 0.05). Sleep quality and smartphone addiction significantly influenced daytime sleepiness (p < 0.05).ConclusionsThe study revealed that almost half of nursing students presented smartphone addiction and more than half of them had poor sleep quality. The prevalence of normal daytime sleepiness among nursing students was high.     

Nurses’ experiences with an inpatient geriatric consulting service at a Midwestern Veterans’ hospital: The elder veteran program

This qualitative project used conventional content analysis of interview data to examine nurses’ experience with and perception of the Elder Veteran Program, an inpatient geriatric consulting service, at a midwestern Veterans’ hospital. Nurses were recruited from nursing units utilizing the program and completed individual interviews (N = 10). Participants described the impact of the program within four categories: providing comprehensive care to patients, contributing to individual growth of nurses, promoting team-based care, and as a resource. Participants described several barriers and facilitators to implementation of the program on their unit, including workload and time, shifts and availability of program staff, perceived need, inclusion criteria, perception of program staff, education of nurses, communication, and the inpatient environment. This project provides opportunities for further examination of healthcare providers’ experience with inpatient geriatric programs, how those experiences may relate to effectiveness of programs, and important areas of support for hospital staff.     

Australian patients’ perception of the efficacy of the physical activity referral scheme (PARS)

BackgroundOptimum physical activity (PA) interventions could be delivered via physical activity referral schemes (PARS) if utilised adequately. However, the evidence supporting PARS effectiveness is weak due to low uptake and non-adherence to interventions.ObjectivePatients’ experiences of PARS were explored to obtain in-depth insight into their perceived quality of care and practical ways to optimise the programme’s effectiveness.MethodsA sequential explanatory mixed methods design was employed to probe cross-sectional quantitative survey data (n = 111) on patients’ knowledge and beliefs about PA and PARS and qualitative interview data (n = 15) on their experiences of PARS. Informed by Donabedian framework of healthcare quality assessment, quantitative and qualitative findings were integrated to identify practical ways to enhance PARS effectiveness.ResultsParticipants displayed good PA knowledge, had positive beliefs and perceived PARS to be useful. Nonetheless, bottlenecks in the structure and process of PARS impact on patient health outcomes and hinder the programme’s uptake.ConclusionExploring other referral mechanisms into PARS such as self or nurse-initiated referrals could improve the programme’s visibility and effectiveness.Practice implicationsImproved support, enhanced visibility of EPs, ongoing interactions between GPs and EPs and education about referral pathways would foster improved uptake, adherence and health outcomes for patients.     

A pilot of modified Conversation Analytic Role-play Method for one-to-one clinical communication training

ObjectiveIt can be difficult to identify specific skills to improve communication, particularly if feedback is generalised or vague. With the aim of providing specific feedback for improved doctor-patient communication, we piloted a modified Conversation Analytic Roleplay Method (CARM) for one-to-one training.MethodsWe recorded one surgical registrar during ward rounds in a hospital. These seven consultations were then analysed and an individualised CARM workshop, utilising the findings and related published evidence, was developed and delivered. One month after this workshop, another nine consultations were recorded and analysed.ResultsThere were three “trainables” identified in the initial analysis that formed the basis of the personalised workshop. Analysis of the post-training recordings showed that the verbal behaviours were mostly modified but the non-verbal behaviour generally was not.ConclusionBy facilitating reflection on and close analysis of his own interaction using CARM, we were able to assist this doctor in modifying some of his communication behaviours.Practice implicationsPersonalised video-based training enables the identification of an individual’s practice, allowing for specific feedback and engaging participants with the analysis of their own talk. This makes it potentially an ideal method for helping those struggling to improve with other training methods.     

How to achieve self-growth as an intern nursing student in Intensive Care Unit: A qualitative study

AimsTo explore the clinical experiences of the intern nursing students who did their internship in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) at least two months. The key point is to investigate how nursing students achieved self-development in ICUs.MethodsUsing qualitative study based on the grounded theory, we enrolled 15 intern nursing students from November 2021 to April 2022 in a Grade A hospital in Hunan Province, China.ResultsThis study developed an explanatory theoretical framework of the interns’ experience in ICUs, which was described as a comprehensive growth process for ICU interns. In this process, the intern nursing students often go through three stages: pressure period, adjustment period and growth period. Self-regulation and social interaction play a key role to help them get over the negative experiences they experienced in the stress period and achieve personal development.ConclusionClinical nursing educators could make appropriate interventions based on the characteristics of students at different intership stages in ICUs. The target training of intern nursing students should focus on their theoretical knowledge, emotion regulation, communication skills and personality optimization. In addition, clinical tutors should be trained regularly to prepare well for their important roles.     

Completion of advance directives among African Americans and Whites adults

ObjectiveThe primary purpose of this study was to analyze the completion of advance directives among African American and White adults and examine related factors, including demographics, socio-economic status, health conditions, and experiences with health care providers.MethodsThis study used data from the Survey of California Adults on Serious Illness and End-of-Life 2019. We compared correlates of completion of advance directives among a sample of 1635 African American and White adults. Multivariate analysis was conducted.ResultsWhites were 50% more likely to complete an advance directive than African Americans. The major differences between African Americans and Whites were mainly explained by the level of mistrust and discrimination experienced by African Americans and partially explained by demographic characteristics. Our study showed that at both bivariate and multivariate levels, participation in religious activities was associated with higher odds of completion of an advance directive for both African Americans and Whites.ConclusionInterventional studies needed to address the impact of mistrust and perceived discrimination on advance directive completion.Practical implicationsCulturally appropriate multifaceted, theoretical- and religious-based interventions are needed that include minority health care providers, church leaders, and legal counselors to educate, modify attitudes, provide skills and resources for communicating with health care providers and family members.     

Exploring patient experiences in the student outpatient clinic - A contribution to learning

ObjectiveTo understand how patients experience participation in student encounters.MethodsQualitative semi-structured telephone interviews with ten cardiac surgery patients who had attended voluntary postoperative consultations in a student outpatient clinic. The interview guide included questions about reasons for and experiences of being part of a teaching situation. Interviews were analysed through inductive thematic analysis where pieces of text in each interview were assigned different codes and condensed into themes.ResultsThe patients expressed a duality in their reasons for participating in student consultations: (1) a personal need for assurance (safety) and (2) a wish to help students (altruism). Students were perceived as professional and sometimes insecure. Being part of an educational situation was meaningful to the patients because they did not feel objectified. Knowing that there was a backup supervisor made the patients feel safe even though the supervisor was not present during all parts of the consultation.ConclusionsPatients experienced safety, understood their role in all parts of the consultation, and shared a wish to help students learn.Practice implicationsA sequential consultation model alternating between student- and supervisor-driven supervision can balance student autonomy and patient safety. This knowledge could guide future patient-centred medical education in student clinics.